{"id":9933,"date":"2025-03-23T16:46:22","date_gmt":"2025-03-23T16:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=9933"},"modified":"2025-03-23T16:46:23","modified_gmt":"2025-03-23T16:46:23","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7-1914-1918","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=9933","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 1914-1918"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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src=\"https:\/\/marxy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/fratanisation-1-crop.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9936\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">\u062a\u0622\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1917<\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fb87d22ee458c75726b910ff67662254\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629<strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a 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src=\"https:\/\/marxy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ausrufung_der_Republik_Deutschosterreich_1918_Parlamentsrampe.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9937\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 12 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1918<\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 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\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66448a9ed09b2b4ce3d3c10cc32cba25\">\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref1\" id=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> V I Lenin, \u2018To Franz Koritschoner\u2019, <em>Lenin Collected Works<\/em>, Vol. 35, Progress Publishers, 1973, pg 238-239<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref2\" id=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> L Trotsky, \u2018At Brest-Litovsk\u2019, <em>The Proletarian Revolution In Russia<\/em>, The Communist Press, 1918, pg 350<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref3\" id=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> H Hautmann, <em>Die verlorene R\u00e4terepublik<\/em>, Europa Verlag, 1971, pg 51,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref4\" id=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> <em>ibid<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref5\" id=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> H Hautmann, <em>Geschichte der R\u00e4tebewegung in \u00d6sterreich 1918-1924<\/em>, Europaverlag, Wien 1987, p. 157,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref6\" id=\"_edn6\">[6]<\/a> <em>Arbeiter-Zeitung<\/em>, Vol. 30, No. 16, 16 January 1918, pg 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref7\" id=\"_edn7\">[7]<\/a> O Bauer, <em>Die \u00f6sterreichische Revolution<\/em>, Wiener Volksbuchhandlung, 1923, pg 65<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref8\" id=\"_edn8\">[8]<\/a> <em>Arbeiter-Zeitung<\/em>, Vol. 30, No. 17, 17 January 1918, pg 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref9\" id=\"_edn9\">[9]<\/a> K Kautsky, <em>The Dictatorship of the Proletariat<\/em>, National Labour Press, 1919, pg 62-63<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 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