{"id":6280,"date":"2021-12-28T07:40:59","date_gmt":"2021-12-28T07:40:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=6280"},"modified":"2024-04-18T20:43:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T20:43:38","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%b5%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=6280","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\n

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\u0623\u0643\u062f \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629”:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\n

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\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a” \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 15 \u064820\u066a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062b\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623\u061f”. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 40% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064825% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628. \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Gosplan) \u062a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u2013\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a [\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a] \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f- \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 “\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a” \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f: \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 03 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u200b\u200b\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (KGB)\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 80% \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (KGB). \u062b\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0647\u0632\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0631 1999\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u064f\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> \u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> Russia: From Revolution to Counter Revolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Trud, 3 August 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2021<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The collapse of the Soviet Union and the rise of Putin<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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