{"id":5478,"date":"2021-05-23T10:46:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-23T10:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=5478"},"modified":"2021-05-23T12:27:41","modified_gmt":"2021-05-23T12:27:41","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%81-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ba%d8%a7-%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%8a%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=5478","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u063a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 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src=\"http:\/\/www.marxist.com\/images\/stories\/italy\/2020_Dec\/Bordiga1950_Image_Historical_Materialism.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"363\" height=\"279\" title=\"Image: Historical Materialism\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u0623\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0648 <em>\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u063a\u0627<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1921\u060c (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 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<em>\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Paolo Spriano.&nbsp;<em>Storia del Partito comunista italiano, Volume 1: Da Bordiga a Gramsci<\/em>. p.138<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> Leon Trotsky.&nbsp;<em>Scritti sull\u2019Italia<\/em>. p.82<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> Spriano, p.143.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> \u201cInquadramento delle forze comuniste\u201d, from&nbsp;<em>La lotta del Partito comunista d\u2019Italia<\/em>, p.21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> Palmiro Togliatti. La formazione del gruppo dirigente del Pci, Editori Riuniti. p.197.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Ibid. p.262.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> Il partito decapitato. p. 149.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> Part 4, section 11, \u2018The Question of the Internal Party Regime\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/marxism.halkcephesi.net\/Antonio%20Gramsci\/1926\/01\/lyon_congress\/lyon_thesis.htm#Solidity_of_the_Party_Organization_Factionalism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Paragraph 31<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 27<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 39<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a> Ibid, Paragraph 41<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a> Leon Trotsky.&nbsp;<em>Scritti sull\u2019Italia<\/em>. p.149.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a> Ibid, p.184.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marxist.com\/gramsci-bordiga-lyon-theses.htm\">The conflict between Gramsci and Bordiga in the early days of the Italian Communist Party, and the Lyon Theses<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u060c \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 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&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":69,"featured_media":1251,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,215],"tags":[386,201],"class_list":["post-5478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-italy","category-215","tag-386","tag-201"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/69"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5478"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5480,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5478\/revisions\/5480"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}