{"id":3485,"date":"2020-02-17T08:37:05","date_gmt":"2020-02-17T08:37:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=3485"},"modified":"2022-02-25T18:22:08","modified_gmt":"2022-02-25T18:22:08","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae%d9%8a%d8%a9%d8%9f-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/marxy.com\/?p=3485","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u0643\u0645\u0627\n\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u062e\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\n\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e” \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\n\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 “\u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629”\u060c \u0648”\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643”. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u061b \u0625\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e” \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u00bb[2]<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0625\u0646\n\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u062d\n\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\n\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644\u060c\n\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645\n\u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\n\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\n\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\n\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\n\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0628\u062f\u0650\u0644\u062a\n\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631” \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\n\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\n\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\n\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0641. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\n\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0627\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a (Palaeontology) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646 \u062c. \u063a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u064a (Punctuated equilibria)\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\n\u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\n\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062f\u0632<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Engels to Bloch, 21 September 1890, Selected Correspondence, p. 475<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> Marx and Engels, The Holy Family, Chapter VI<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is historical materialism?<\/a><\/strong>
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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